Well-drilling machine



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. G. WELLS.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2. W. O. WELLS.

WELL DRILLING MACHINE.

No. 399,459. I Patented Mar. 12,1889.

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No. 399,459. Patented Mar. 12, 1889.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4'. W. G. WELLS.

, WELL DRILLING MACHINE.

No. 399,459. Patented Mar. 12, 1889.

5y his Jfiarnays N, PETERS, Pfioloiillwgrnphu. ylznhingtun. D. c.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

W. U. WELLS.

WELL DRILLING MACHINE.

Patented Mar. 12, 1889.

Nttn STATES PATENT Orrtcni WELL-DRILLING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATZON forming part of Letters Patent No. 399,459, dated March 12, 1889.

Application filed July 22, 1887.

To all urho'rit it 72207; concern:

Be itknown that .I', \YJ'LLE'I. Widths, a citizen oi. the llnitcd States, residing at 'litlin. in the county of Seneca and State 01'. Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in ell-Drilling Machines, oi. which the following is a specification.

Myiiiivention relates to t hatclass oIT machincry used in drilling or boring wells; and it P consists in a novel machine and in the variousdctails ot' construct ion hcrciimt'terpointcd out.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of one of my improved well-drilling machines. Figs. 2 and T are elevations of the I respect ivc ends oi. the same. Fig. I} is an end i elevation showingthc machine provided with 1 a temper-screw; Fig. -l-, a side elevation of the same. lig. 5 is a front view of a cable coupling. (i is a vertical section of a chamber adapted to hold the end of the cable. Fig. 8 is a vertical section of the temper-screw. Fig. ti is a vm'tical section of a spring-pulley i for taking up slack in the cable. Fig. 10 is a section upon the line in it), Fig. 2. Fig.1! shows a grip [or turning the tools.

A is a belt-wheel; l), a lialancc-wheel; (I, a pinion. mounted upon the shat't o; i), an cecentric upon the same shaft and supported in suitable bearings; E, a lever adapted to actuate the eccentric, and la and G spurwheels. By means of the eccentric l.) and a I lever, E, the shaft (t may be raised or lowered, so as to cause pinion C to engage spur-wheel F or G, as may be desired. The spur-wheel F is mounted upon a shaft, ll, carrying a crank-wheel, l, which connected by a pitman, J, to a ei-oss-l1 .-ad,.l The cross-head is provided with suitable jaws, 7r 7,, Fig. 2, adapted to engage with the drill-stock or with t a cable, L, which supports the drill.

The cable L is connected by a swivel, 7, to I a rope, L, which passes over a sheave, M, prefj erably suspended from a spring-pulley, N, in i the top of the derrick (l, and is coiled upon a drum, 1, which is mounted upon the shaft i which carries the spur-wheel G. When the pinion C in engagement with the s 'iuravheel 3 F, power is transmitted. through shaft H, crank-wheel I, and pitman .l to the cross-head K. As the cross-head is i'orced upward by i the pitman, jaws 7e 7. engage with the rope attached to the cable an dlift it and the drill with t which itis connected. Asthc pitman reaches 1 meets the yoke and the pulley.

Serial No. 244,968. 1N0 model.)

the limit of its upward motion, the jaws are zmtomatically released and the drill drops.

I prefer to use reciprocating jaws substantially like those described. and claimed in Letters Patent Xe. 296,804, granted me April. 15, 18%, for a rock-drilling and well'boring machine and reissued June 1, lsso, as Reissue No. 10,731

When it is desired to hoist the tools out oi? the well, the pinion C thrown into engagement with the spur-wheel G, and power transmitted to the drum l upon which the rope is coiled. Thisdrum is rotated for the purpose of paying out the rope for the sinking-tools by means of a worm. Q, actuated by a crank, q, and engaging with a worm-wheel, 1), secured to the drum P or its shaft.

The worm Q maybe thrown in or out oi engagement with the worm-wheel by means of an eccentric, and leycr q. A brake, 1), adapted to engage with the balancewheel l3 and actuated by a lever, l), (preferably a footle\er,) serves to stop or control the machine when the tools are bcing lowered into the well.

R is a drum mounted upon a shaft, 7-, and provided at the end adjacent to the balancewheel with a trictionavhecl, I". The end of shaft 0', carrying the fricthm-wheel, is journaled in a box slid'in in an incline, and

the box may be raised or lowered in said incline by means of a foot-lever, r", connected therewith by a link, A rope, S, carrying the sand-bucket, passes over a sheave, M, mounted upon the derrick-head O, and coils around the drum R. When the sand-bucket is to be raised, the lever E is placed in such a position as to hold the pinion C out of engagement with the spur-wheels F and G, and the friction-wheel r is brought into contact with the balance-wheel l) by actuating the lever 7- For the purpose of controlling the spool when lowering the saud btuiket, a brake, 2'

with which the friction-wheel maybe brought into contact by means ot the lever is pro vided.

The sheave )l is suspended from the springpulley N by means of a yoke, '77), which carries the boxes for the shaft upon which the sheave is mounted, and a strap, 71, which con To the shaft n of the spring-pulley is secured a disk, 92

having a grooved periphery and an inwardlyprojecting flange, 91, which constitutes 51- drum surrounding the shaft. Another disk, a having a peripheral flange, n is journaledto the shaft, and acoiled spring, a, is secured at one end to the flange n of the fixed disk and at the other end to the flange n of the revolving disk. The tension of the spring may be regulated by a rope, at, taking over the grooved periphery of the disk n extend ing within reach of the operator and held by a ratchet and pawl. The spring-pulley, by means of the strap n taking over its periphery, lifts the sheave M at each upward movement of the cross-head, thereby taking up the slack in the cable. The lower ends of the ways in which the sliding boxes on travel are provided with elastic bumpers 01 For drilling in soft materialsnch' as drilt deposit or soft shalewhere it is necessary to drill slowly and to thoroughly mix the material, so that it may be pumped out, I employ in place of the jaws k 7- an externallythreaded temper-screw, T, Figs. 3 and 4, through which the cable passes and to which it is firmly gripped by a clamp, z. The temper-screw is provided with a hand-wheel, if, by which it may be rotated, and is supported by a nut, 7.1, journaled in the cross-head. By means of an eccentric, this nut may be locked to the screw, leaving the nut free to turn in the crosshead without lowering the screw relatively thereto, or it may be locked to the cross-head, leaving the screw free to turn in the nut. The temper-screw, the nut supportingit, the cross-head, and the hand-wheel are preferably recessed longitudinally in order to permit the cable to be readily placed in posi tion or removed.

For turning the rope to give a rotary motion to the drill-tools, I employ the grip U, Fig. 11, in which the jaws u are pivotally connected at one end, and are provided with recesses '21, adapted to take around the rope. The outer of these jaws is connected at the other end by a link, 11?, to an arm, n which is provided at its free end with a springcatch, '11", or other device adapted to lock it to the pivoted end of the jaws. \Vhen the arm is released from engagement with the pivoted end of thenjaws, the latter are free to open. \Vhen the rope is inclosed, the jaws are swung toward each other and the arm is brought into contact with the free end of the inner jaw, thus aitording a double leverage in closing the jaws.

For connecting the lengths of the cable, I employ the coupling V, Fig. 5, in which t represents a metallic chamber, the interior of which converges at one end and is provided at the other end with a screw-thread. The end of a cable is passed through the converging end of the chamber and the ends of the strands of the cable are separated. Soft metal is then poured in and allowed to set, thus locking the cable in the chamber. The threaded end of the chamber is adapted to engage with a corresponding thread upon one end of a coupling-1i nk, r v, preferably jointed and adapted to engage at the other end with another chamber, 1*.

To operate the machine, power is applied to the belt-wheel and motion transmitted to the crosshead. At the outset the jaws grip the drill-stock and lift and drop it until the tools are buried. hen this is done, the cable L (preferably of larger size than the main cable) is coupled to the drill-stock, passed through the jaws, and connected at its upper end to the rope L by means of the swivel l. The cable is then lifted and dropped by means of the pitman and jaws, thereby raising and lowering the drill. The cable L is at first attached to the rope L in such a way that the swivel is just below the sheave hi at the top of the derrick, so as to permit the continual turning of the cable in one direction, thus insuring a round and true hole and avoiding danger of unscrewing the drill. This arrangement permits a free and direct drop of the drill-tools, which cannot be obtained by the walking-beam. \Vhen the tools have been lowered until the swivel approaches the jaws, the cable is uncoupled from the drill-stock and another piece is coupled to the drill-stock.

and the cable L, which is returned to its original position. \Vhen the drill-tools have been lowered to a depth equal to the length of the piece of cable last inserted plus substantially the length of the cable L, a longer piece is inserted and the work continued. The cable may be of wire or other material.

I claim- 1. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a driving-shaft, a pinion securedthereto, a spur-wheel transmitting power to a crosshead, thereby imparting motion to the drill, and a spur-wheel adapted to actuate the rope spool for the purpose of raising or lowering the drill, with mechanism for throwing the pinion into engagement with either spurwheel, substantially as specified.

2. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a driving-shaft, a pinion mounted thereon, a spur-wheel, a crank-wheel connected therewith and adapted to be driven thereby, a pit-man connecting the crank-wheel with a cross-head provided with mechanism adapted to engage with the drill-stock or a cable connected therewith, a rope-spool and a spur-wheel connected therewith, with an eccentric adapted to throw the pinion into engagement with either spur-wheel, substantially as specified. 3. 111a well-drilling machine, the combination of a driving-shaft, a balance-wheel thereon, a drum carrying the sand-bucket rope, and a friction-wheel connected with the drum with a sliding box carrying the drum-shaft, and a lever connected with and adapted to actuate the sliding box for the purpose of bringing the friction-wheel into engagement with the balance-wheel, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. I11 a well-drilling machine, the combina tion of the driving-shaft a, balance-wheel B,

All

brake r drum R, carrying the sand-bucket rope, and friction-wheel r, with a sliding box, r and a lever, 0*, connected with and adapted to actuate the sliding box for the purpose of bringing the friction-wheel into engagement with the balance-wheel, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

F. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of the driving-shaft a, pinion C, spurwheel F, connected with and adapted to actuate the cross-head K, spur-wheel G, connectcd with and adapted to actuate the rope- E spool, balance-wheel B, and friction-wheel 1', connected with the sand-bucket spool, with the eccentric I), substantially as and for the purpose specified.

t). In a well-dialling machine, the combination, with a reciprocating cross-head provided with mechanism adapted to engage with a cable carrying the drill-stock, of a rope supporting the cable carrying the drill-stock and connected to the cable by a swivel, and a clamp for rotating the cable, substantially as specified.

'7. In a well-drilling machine, the combina- 5' tion, with a reciprocating cross-head provided with mechanism adapted to engage with a cable carrying the drill-stock, of a spring pulley adapted to take up the slack in the i i chine, of a reciprocating cross-head, an exter cable, substantially as specified.

8. In a ell-drilling machine, the combination, with arcciprocating cross-head provided l with mechanism adapted to engage with a cable connected with the drill-stock, of a drum carrying a rope which supports the cable and 5 mechanism for payin out the rope, substanl tially as specified.

9. In a well-drilling machine, the combina tion, with a reciprocatingcross-head provided f with mechanism adapted to engage with a cable connected with the drill-stock, of a drum l porting the cable and taking over said sheave, substantially as specified.

13. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a reciprocating cross-head provided with mechanism adapted to engage with a cable carrying the drill-stock, with a spring pulley, a yoke suspended from the spring-pulley and supporting a sheave, elastic bumpers beneath said yoke, and a rope supporting the cable and taking over said sheave, substantially as specified.

14:. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a reciprocating cross-head provided with mechanism adapted to engage with a cable connected with the drill-stock, a rope supporting the cable, a springpulley adapted to take up the slack in the cable, and a cord whereby the tension of said spring-pulley may be increased or decreased, substantially as specified.

15. The combination, in a well-drilling machine, of a reciprocating cross head, an exten nallythread ed temper-screw, a clamp adapted to lock the temper-screw to a cable supporting the drill-stock, and a nut journaled in the cross-head and supporting the temper-screw, with mechanism for locking the nut to the temper-screw, substantially as specified.

16. The combination, in a well-drilling manallytl1readed temper-screw, a clamp adapted to lock the temperscrew to a cable supporting the drill-stock, and a nut journaled in the cross-head and supporting the temper-screw, with mechanism for locking the nut to the cross-head, substantially as specified.

17. The combination, in a well-drilling machine, of a reciprocating cross-head, an externally-threaded temper-screw, and a clamp adapted to lock the drill-stock to a cable supporting the drill-stock, with mechanism for locking the nut to the temper-screw or to the cross-head, substantially as specified.

and mechanism for rotating the cable, subl slant ially as specified.

10. In a well-drilling machine,thecombinal lb. The combination, in a well-drilling machine, of a reciprocating cross-head, a temperscrew journaled therein, a clamp adapted to lock the temper screw to a cable supporting with mechanism adapted to engage with a cable carryingthe drill-stock,a1nl a 'drum ear- 1' rying a rope which supports the cable, with mechanism i'orpaying out the rope,and mech anism For actuating the drum t'orthe purpose of raising or lowering the drill, substantially as specified.

11. In awrdl-drilling machine, thecombinw tion of a reciprocating cross-head adapted to engage with a cable carrying the drillstock, with a rope supporting the cable, a drum to which the rope is connected, and a springpulley adapted to take up the slack in the cable, substantially as specifital.

12. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a reciprocating crosshead proiided with mechanism adapted to engage with a cable carrying the drill-stock, with a springpulley, a yoke suspended from the spring-pulley and supporting a sheave, and a rope supthe drill -stock, and mecl'lanism for rotating the temper-screw, substantially as specified.

1!). In a well-drilling machine, the temperscrew T, clamp t, nut L", and means for rotating the temper-screw, in combination with the (a'ecentric f", substantially as and for the purpose specified.

20. The grip I consisting of pivoted jaws 11, having recesses '11, the arm u, and the link H2, connecting the outer jaw with the arm, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

21. The grip II, consisting of pivoted jaws "u, having rece is u, the link :1 arm Ii and catch it, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

WILLET C. WELLS. Witnesses:

J. H. RIDGELY, B. F. Ln'rz. 

